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Background:To study the prescription behavior of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) by physicians, gynecologists, and alternative medicine practitioners (AMPs). Materials and Methods?Close-ended questionnaire-based cross-section study was performed between 1st September 2012 and 28th February 2014 in three groups of responders, i.e., AMP, general medical practitioners (GMPs), and obstetricians and gynecologists (ObGy). A stratified random cluster sample was used. Data of 400 subjects in all three groups were obtained using both univariate and multi-variate sophisticated statistical analyses for analyzing attitude and practices and were recorded on an ordinal scale using appropriate non-parametric test. Results?Of the 1,237 subjects surveyed, 400 completed questionnaires were received from each of the three groups viz; AMPs, GMPs, and ObGy. Remaining 37 incomplete questionnaires were not included in the final analysis. Conclusion?There are equal misconceptions regarding OCPs among users and prescribing physicians. Preference for OCPs in married and unmarried women is also equally low. OCP usage and their prescription practices can be improved by removing potential barriers, developing public–private partnership, and training promoters.
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Background: Neurological diseases contribute to 20% of maternal deaths. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of primary and secondary neurological disorders in pregnant and postpartum patients, to study their clinical features, feto-maternal outcome and diagnosis using radiological imaging.Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study done over a period of 1 year. Pregnant and postpartum women with neurological disorders except eclampsia were enrolled. A total of 100 cases were analysed out of which 92 underwent radiological imaging to confirm diagnosis. Primary outcome in the form of prevalence of neurological disorders and secondary outcome in the form of maternal and foetal outcome was assessed.Results: The prevalence of neurological disorders in pregnancy is 1150/100000 deliveries. 75 cases were classified as primary neurological disorders (prevalence of 862/100000) which included epilepsy, cerebrovascular accidents, CNS infections, neoplasm, neuropathies and miscellaneous. 25 cases were secondary neurological disorders (prevalence of 287/100000) which included hepatic and septic encephalopathy. Among primary disorders the prevalence of cerebrovascular accidents was found to be highest (33.3%) followed by epilepsy (32%) while that among secondary neurological disorder was of Hepatic encephalopathy (92%). Majority (68%) had recovery while 15%of women had residual deficit. There were 17 (17%) cases of maternal mortality.Conclusions: Neurological disorders were significantly associated with poor feto- maternal outcome. Radiological imaging in the form of MRI is an excellent diagnostic tool for confirming diagnosis of neurological disorders.
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Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common reason for women of all ages to consult their gynecologist and is one of the most common debilitating menstrual problems ending up in hysterectomy in developing countries. This study was done with the aim to observe the clinical and demographic profile of the patients and the pattern of AUB.Methods: It is an observational study, conducted in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, DR Rammanohar Lohia institute of medical sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh from August 2018 to July 2019. All patients in the reproductive age group with symptoms of abnormal uterine bleeding were included in the study.Results: Majority (37.50%) of the women were in the age group of 30-40 years. 71.66% were multiparous and maximum women (60%) were in normal BMI. 69.17% were belonging to middle class. Commonest presentation was menorrhagia (48.3%) followed by oligomenorrhoea (18.1%) followed by polymenorrhoea (17.27%).Conclusions: Excessive menstrual blood loss is a common reason for women to seek medical help and leads to large demands in health resources According to our study majority of the women with AUB were in the age group of 30-40 years, were multiparous with normal BMI belonging to middle class. Commonest presentation was menorrhagia. Following study highlights the clinical and epidemiological pattern of abnormal uterine bleeding of reproductive age group, which is crucial factor in management for these patients. In order to predict causal association, further more studies with larger sample size of higher level of evidence should be conduct to draw causal evidence.